Interventions for High-Risk
Negatives
B.A.R.T. (Becoming A Responsible Teen) is a group-level, education and behavior skills training intervention designed to reduce risky sexual behaviors and improve safer sex skills among African American adolescents. The 8 intervention sessions, delivered to groups of 5-15 youth, provide information on HIV and related risk behaviors and the importance of abstinence and risk reduction.
CLEAR (Choosing Life: Empowerment, Actions, Results) is a 3-module intervention that is delivered in one-on-one sessions to young people living with HIV. Each of the 3 modules is comprised of 6 sessions that focuses on different target behaviors.
Community PROMISE
Community PROMISE (Peers Reaching Out and Modeling Intervention Strategies) is a community-level intervention model that is effective with any high-risk population in which there are established social networks. This intervention focuses on the influencing risk factors that put members of a specific population at risk for HIV.
CRCS (Comprehensive Risk Counseling and Services) is an individual-level intervention, formerly referred to as Prevention Case Management, designed to help HIV-positive and HIV-negative persons who are at high risk for HIV transmission or acquisition to reduce risk behaviors and address the psychosocial and medical needs (i.e., “Life Plus” issues) that contribute to risk behavior or poor health outcomes.
d-Up:Defend Yourself! Is a community-level intervention for black men who have sex with men (MSM). D-up! Is a cultural adaptation of the Popular Opinion Leader (POL) intervention and is designed to change social norms and perceptions of black MSM regarding condom use.
Focus on Youth with ImPACT is a community-based intervention that provides youth with the skills and knowledge they need to protect themselves from HIV and other STDs. The curriculum, founded on the Protection Motivation Theory, uses fun, interactive activities, such as games, role plays and discussions to convey prevention knowledge and skills. There is also a short component for parents, Informed Parents and Children Together (ImPACT) that assists them in areas such as parental monitoring and effective communication.
Get Real About AIDS is a skills-based, HIV risk reduction curriculum, designed for high school students. It consists of 15 sessions, delivered over consecutive days, and utilizes interactive activities, discussion, role-playing, simulation, and videos to give teens the knowledge and skills to reduce their risk of HIV infection. The overall goal of Get Real About AIDS is to reduce sexual risk behaviors by delaying the initiation of sex. The program goal for youth who choose to have sex is to encourage them to abstain from drug use, to use condoms consistently and correctly, practice monogamy, and get tested for HIV.
Many Men, Many Voices (3MV)
3MV is a group-level intervention program designed to prevent HIV and sexually transmitted diseases among black men who have sex with men (MSM) who may or may not identify themselves as gay. The intervention addresses factors that influence the behavior of black MSM: cultural, social, and religious norms; interactions between HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases; sexual relationship dynamics; and the social influences that racism and homophobia have on HIV risk behaviors.
MIP (Modelo de Intervencion Psycomedica) is an individual-level, intensive HIV prevention intervention for active injection and non-injection drug users that integrates community-based recruitment, individualized counseling and comprehensive case management to facilitate behavior change that leads to an overall healthier life for the participant.
Mpowerment
The objective of Mpowerment is to establish a community organizing process for diffusion of risk reduction norms, those supportive of safe-sex behavior. The intervention is led by a core group of 10-15 young gay men from the community and paid staff. The young gay men, along with other volunteers, design and carry out all project activities. This intervention is designed for young MSM.
Nia is a video-based motivational skills-building small-group intervention consisting of 6-10 participants in each group. The intervention includes videos, movie clips, and discussion to educate men about HIV/AIDS, elevate their mood, and entertain them while reinforcing information and motivating behavior change.
Popular Opinion Leader (POL)
POL aims to spread messages about a variety of health behaviors (e.g., adopting safer-sex behaviors, seeking HIV antibody testing, disclosing HIV status to sex partners, seeking prevention and medical services) throughout a community. Usually, the target is one risk-influencing factor or community norm.
Real AIDS Prevention Project (RAPP)
RAPP is a community-level HIV prevention intervention designed to help sexually active women and their male partners reduce their risk for HIV infection. The objectives of this intervention are to increase condom use by women and their partners, change community norms so that practicing safer sex is the acceptable norm, and involve as many people in the community as possible.
RESPECT is a one-on-one, client-focused HIV/STD prevention counseling intervention, consisting of 2 brief interactive counseling sessions. In the first session (20 minutes) of the briefintervention, HIV counselors help STD clinic patients to identify personal risk factors and barriers to risk reduction and work with patients to develop an achievable personalized risk-reduction plan.
Safety Counts is a client-centered intervention for users of illicit drugs (injection or non-injection drugs) that aims to reduce high-risk drug use and sexual behaviors that are related to the transmission of HIV and Hepatitis. The intervention is a behaviorally focused, seven-session intervention, including both structured and unstructured activities in group and individual settings over four to six months. The intervention can be implemented with both HIV-negative and HIV-positive clients.
SEPA (Salud, Educación, Prevencion y Autocuidado) is a six-session, culturally-tailored, small-group, skills building intervention designed to prevent high-risk sexual behaviors among low-income Mexican and Puerto Rican women. The intervention, delivered to groups of 11-13 women, promotes self-efficacy, builds skills and focuses on topics including: HIV/AIDS in the community, human anatomy and sexuality, education about HIV and other STDs, condom use, negotiation of safer sex, and preventing domestic violence.
SiHLE (Sistering, Informing, Healting, Learning, and Empowering) is a small group, skills training intervention to reduce risky sex behavior among African-American adolescent females. Through interactive discussions in groups of 10-12 girls, the intervention emphasizes ethnic and gender pride, and enhances awareness of HIV risk reduction strategies such as abstaining from sex, using condoms consistently, and having fewer sex partners.
Sisters Informing Sisters about Topics on AIDS (SISTA)
The goal of SISTA is to reduce sexual risk behavior of heterosexually active African American women at highest risk of HIV. This is a peer-led, skill-building intervention project to prevent HIV infection in African American women that includes discussions of self-esteem, relationships, and sexual health.
Street Smart
Street Smart is an intensive program to prevent HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases among homeless and runaway youth (11-18 years of age) whose behaviors place them at very high risk of becoming infected. The goal of this intervention is to reduce unprotected sex, numbers of sex partners, and substance use among runaway youth.
TLC (Together Learning Choices) is a small-group intervention designed for youth and young adults living with HIV. TLC consists of 2 modules: Stay Healthy and Act Safe. The Stay Healthy module consists of 12 sessions to promote positive health behaviors. Intervention sessions are focused on coping with learning one’s seropositive status, addressing issues of disclosure, and helping youth to implement new daily routines to stay healthy and actively participate in health care decisions.
Video Opportunities for Innovative Condom Education and Safer Sex (VOICES/VOCES)
VOICES/VOCES is implemented to encourage condom use and improve condom negotiation skills among African American and Latino men and women. This single session, video-based program uses role-playing and discussions to assist in the development of safer sex skills.
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